For example, among individuals who have cancer, people who are able to advocate for themselves tend to have a lower burden of physical and mental symptoms.

You don't need a chronic illness to get benefits from self-advocacy, though. Get some tips below to become a more active participant in your own care, whether you see a doctor once a year for a well check or work with a big care team to manage a chronic illness like diabetes.

1. Schedule Regular Check-Ups

To advocate for yourself, you have to be in the know about your own health. While you do know your body best, it helps to get expert feedback about symptoms. There's also a big difference between knowing you feel more fatigued than normal and getting blood work that provides some data that helps you understand the situation.

Routine visits to your doctor can help catch issues early and keep your care on track. Even if you feel fine, yearly physicals, screenings and lab work offer peace of mind and help establish a health baseline.

2. Keep Records of Your Medication and Medical History

A good advocate is educated, so do the work to keep up with your own medical information. This helps you discuss conditions and needs with various care providers.

Write a list of your medications, including dosages, past procedures and diagnoses. You can do so on paper or keep track of this in a notes app on your phone. Bring it with you to each medical appointment. You can also provide the list to regular care providers, such as assisted living community staff members.

3. Ask Questions During Health Appointments

Don’t be afraid to speak up during appointments. If you don’t understand a diagnosis or new medication, ask for clarification. Write questions down ahead of time, or ask for written summaries if you're worried about forgetting details. Your care team is there to support you, not rush you — so take your time with appointments, even if the office feels busy.

4. Bring a Trusted Friend or Family Member for Support

Sometimes, two sets of ears are better than one. A friend or loved one can help take notes, ask follow-up questions and offer emotional support during appointments. They may also remember details you miss and help you process options afterward. Make sure it’s someone you trust and who understands your values and health goals.

5. Do Your Own Research

Don't assume your provider is the be-all, end-all expert on any topic. Do some research yourself to understand the overall scope of a disease, treatment or other topic.

Reliable health information can empower you to ask better questions and understand your options. Use reputable sources like the CDC or Mayo Clinic; don't just go by what people on social media say. If something you read seems concerning or confusing, write it down and bring it up with your provider. Good self-advocacy combines curiosity with trust in your care team’s experience.

6. Communicate About Symptoms Proactively

Don’t wait for things to get worse before you speak up. Bring up any new symptoms to your providers, even if they seem silly. With health, a "better safe than sorry" approach is typically best.

You can also keep assisted living community staff in the loop if you're a resident. They can help you track and manage symptoms and provide guidance about when to call in other providers or make a trip to urgent care.

7. Ask Health Care Providers to Explain Things

Medical terms can be confusing, and you shouldn't feel embarrassed when asking for clarification. In fact, many times, health care providers need explanations from other providers when dealing with things outside their field of expertise.

Ask your provider to explain terms, treatments and anything else you don't understand. If their explanation still doesn't resonate, persist in asking for clarity. You can say, "Could you put that another way? I'm not sure I understand" or "Is there a simple example that can help me understand?"

8. Explore Second Opinions

If something doesn’t feel right, it’s okay to get another opinion. Asking for a second opinion isn’t rude — it’s responsible. So responsible, in fact, that your insurance might even cover the cost of a second consultation if it's medically necessary.

9. Talk to Your Pharmacist

Don't hop from pharmacy to pharmacy. Find one you like and stick with it, getting to know your pharmacists and techs. They can be great resources for helping you manage your medications.

Pharmacy professionals can explain side effects, double-check for medication interactions and recommend over-the-counter options when you might need them.

10. Don't Blindly Follow Instructions

It's okay to ask questions about the provider's instructions or prescriptions. In fact, ensuring you understand the why behind provider instructions can actually enhance the benefit you get from following through. Plus, when you ask questions, you might be able to point out a nuance or personal detail that can help ensure the best possible care.